What is the primary function of toxicity testing?

• A. To assess the marketability of a substance
• B. To determine the harmful effects of a substance on living organisms
• C. To evaluate the effectiveness of safety protocols
• D. To establish the chemical composition of a substance

Answer: (B)

The primary function of toxicity testing is to determine the harmful effects of a substance on living organisms. This process is crucial for understanding how different levels of exposure to a chemical can affect health and well-being. It involves scientific assessments that measure various parameters, such as the substance's impact on cellular functions, organ systems, and overall organism health.

Through toxicity testing, researchers can identify the potential risks associated with different substances, including chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and environmental agents. This information is vital for regulatory decisions, public health policies, and ensuring safety in the use and exposure to these substances.

In contrast, while assessing marketability, evaluating safety protocols, or establishing chemical composition are important components of product development and safety, they do not directly address the concern of how substances interact with biological systems and what risks they pose.